Лесотехнически Университет

Summary

In the present study, an in-depth literature analysis was made regarding the theoretical problems of signs and sign-information systems as means of visual communication, about the essence of graphic design and its possibilities for creating a sign-information system as a means of communication in the "man-machine" system. , of the means of presentation of information and control (SPI) and the control bodies (OU) and the ergonomic requirements (standards) on panels of machines during their design. Based on this analysis, a system of design and evaluation criteria was developed regarding:

- the arrangement (arrangement) of the elements of the sign-information system;

- graphic design – composition and color, graphic shapes and signs;

Тhe following methods were employed during the research: theoretical analysis of the problems related to the sign-information systems for visual communication as well as the ergonomic requirements and the graphic design requirements for composition, colors, use of graphic forms and signs; analysis of the variants of sign-information systems, applied on panels (control and indicating equipment), conducted through a system of criteria in order to establish the advantages and the disadvantages of their design; graphical presentation of the analysis results employing frequency tables and graphical images – bar diagrams and others.

Summary

The most common failures and reasons for subsequent repair of large-scale sliding bearings are: deviation from the initial geometric shape of the friction surfaces, scratches and cuts occurring on the friction surfaces, tolerances and defects as a result of diameter and length discrepancies – sagging, bending, divergence, axles intersection and boundary wear. Sliding bearings and the bearing journals below them are flaw detected by measuring the bearing surface macrogeometry, followed by a comparison with the standard tolerances and defects at various diameters and lengths, and inspection of the defects. The present study analyses different friction surfaces of large-scale sliding bearings and the results show a correlation between the type of wearing, the relative position of the bearing supports and the deviations from the correct geometric shape of the friction surfaces. A qualitative correlation between the type of wearing and the relative position of the two bearing supports has been investigated and established. Bearing journal wear is out of the scope of the present study.

Summary

In modern design, non-standard approach is encouraged and there are many unique design solutions. Here however, another approach will be considered which pertains to certain standards – canons – in design. An individual iconostasis project was developed for the needs of the Orthodox Church, in accordance with all the canons and meeting the requirements of the church board. This project also preserves the national cultural heritage by employing the dying craft of woodcarvers. The iconostasis was designed for the church in the village of Vladimirovo, respecting the canons and the traditions in wood carving. A project for a bishop’s throne was also created.

Summary

The paper examines the specific characteristics considered when determining the amount of sheet material necessary for manufacturing machine parts with a predominant number of sheet material components. The possibility of optimising material consumption at the design stage is emphasised by incorporating the capabilities of AutoCAD software. Research conducted revealed that the quantity of material with a predominant number of sheet material components, such as a cyclone separator, is increasingly subject to the accuracy of cutting and positioning of workpiece unfolding on the sheet material, which is ultimately related to the increased process optimisation.

Summary

The present paper focuses exclusively on establishing a Centre for Precision Agriculture (CPA)– a specialised facility explicitly tailored for training, lectures, laboratory exercises and seminars. The project involves the transformation of the existing auditorium into a modern venue for applied studies and scientific research at Dobrudja College of Technology, geared towards implementing innovations in the field of precision agriculture. Examined carefully are the parameters that are likely to affect the construction and design of lecture halls and other educational spaces, as well as the selection of proper audio-visual systems. Thoroughly analysed are various factors, including the design specifications for contemporary educational technology, which are subsequently reviewed in relation to the potential design alternatives within the existing space.

Summary

The aim of the present research is the construction of graphic surfaces defined by sections with parallel planes or by the points coordinates of the network nodes. To achieve the set goal, an algorithm for constructing 2 and 3 images of graphical surfaces, defined by curves, has been investigated. An approbation of the algorithm is also presented along with its application in an architectural environment.