Автор: Mariana Kaludova
Статии
- FORMAL-ANALYTICAL DESCRIPTION OF WOOD FOR THE PURPOSES OF THE CLASSIFICATION OF WOOD SPECIES. PART 1: QUANTITATIVE LEVELS
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Резюме
Wood is a product of woody plants, formed by a complex of tissues - conductive, mechanical, reserve and secretory. However, it is not just a mechanical mixture of chemical compounds, but a complex biological and physico-chemical system composed of polymers, monomers, made up of cell walls and cell cavities (lumens). The knowledge of its structure allows the tree species to be determined, the conditions under which it is formed, as well as its behavior under different loads.
The paper examines the variation of the quantitative indicators of individual tissues and the possibility of using it to classify individual species.
Ключови думи: structure, levels, vessels, wood rays, fibers, parenchyma
- THE FORMAL-ANALYTICAL DESCRIPTION OF WOOD FOR THE PURPOSES OF THE CLASSIFICATION OF WOOD SPECIES. PART 2. WOOD FORMULAS
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Резюме
The structure of wood can be examined at several qualitatively different levels of consideration (macro, meso, micro and nano). Each of these levels can be considered as a separate, single and relatively independent subsystem in the wood structure. They are determined by the characteristics of the species, the ecology of the global, regional and local habitats. Each of these levels requires a separate, more precise and comprehensive classification. If the quantities and distribution of the main tissues are known, the tree species can be grouped in groups of construction and conclusions can be made about its physical and mechanical properties.
This work examines the possibility for a more in-depth formal-analytical description of the individual tree species and a theoretical representation of wood structure that more adequately reflects its characteristic features.
Ключови думи: wood, structure, levels, vessels, core rays, fibers, parenchyma, wood formulas
- ANALYSIS OF ANATOMICAL ELEMENTS AS WOOD TEXTURE CHARACTERISTICS
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Резюме
In recent years, more and more systems for computer recognition of tree species are entering, which show good results in solving a certain group of problems. Some of them have already proven themselves in solving such tasks as quality control of wood materials. Studies also show that the classifications of tree species used so far do not allow to solve more general problems of structural wood science. The approaches, methods and means used in computer recognition for modeling the structure of the wood presuppose such a classification of the tree species, which should be based on a more general view on the structure of the wood in comparison with the methods used so far. This would allow to study and describe in a single formalized classification scheme all the anatomical elements that are observed with the corresponding increase in the samples of tree species. In addition, it is necessary to specify the term "texture", applicable in the computer structural anatomy of wood for the purposes of using the methods of computer vision.
The paper discusses the initial results of research related to the application of the requirements of computer modeling in solving some problems of wood anatomy. In particular, recommendations have been made for the quantitative characteristics of the study region in the wood samples and for the description of the anatomical elements making up the wood that will fall into this region and can be examined with sufficient accuracy.
Ключови думи: identification of wood, wood texture, vessels, core rays, annual rings