Author: Konstantin Marinov
Articles
- EVALUATION OF ENERGY POTENTIAL OF WOOD PELLETS
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Summary
The paper presents basic energy characteristics of wood pellets from different producents. We took the samples from producents in Bulgaria and in Slovakia. Energy characteristics of the pellets, such as their dimensions, moisture content, content of ash, gross and net calorific value were estimated in accordance with European technical standards. We used the standard STN EN 14961-1:2010, Solid biofuels as a basic platform for estimation. Values of net calorific value belonged to interval between 16,103 MJ.kg-1 and 17,120 MJ.kg-1, moisture content values were in interval 7,2÷12 %. We observed ash content of the samples from 0,43 to 1,47 %. All of tested samples met the requirements of the standards for ecological biofuel.
Keywords: Wood Pellets, Technical Standard, Gross calorific value
- TECHNOLOGICAL OPPORTUNITIES SURVEY OF FOREST SHORT ROTATION PLANTATIONS IN BULGARIA FOR ENERGY BIOMASS PRODUCTION* PART 1: ANALYSIS OF THE PRODUCTION OF ENERGY FROM BIOMASS IN BULGARIA AND PERSPECTIVES FOR CREATING ENERGY PLANTATIONS FROM SHORT ROTATION WOOD CROPS
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Summary
This report presents some problems on the state and future use of biomass as a renewable source for production of heat and electricity in Bulgaria and Europe. The report covers the potential opportunities of the agricultural lands in Bulgaria for production of energy plantations (SRP) and in particular from forest tree species such as poplar, willow and black locust. A review of their main advantages and disadvantages is made and recommendations for their future development in Bulgaria are presented.
Keywords: renewable, wood biomass, short rotation coppice
- TECHNOLOGICAL OPPORTUNITIES SURVEY OF FOREST SHORT ROTATION PLANTATIONS IN BULGARIA FOR ENERGY BIOMASS PRODUCTION* PART 2: TECHNOLOGY STAGES OF CREATION AND CULTIVATION OF WOOD BIOMASS PLANTATIONS
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Summary
A study on the technologies for creating and growing SRC plantations for the production of biomass for energy purposes has been conducted in the present report. An analysis of the main steps in the technological process has been made. Recommendations are made to the Bulgarian farmers on the necessary techniques for incorporating the crops and the use of appropriate machinery for site preparation, planting and growing of crops.
Keywords: short rotation crops, mechanized technologies
- TECHNOLOGICAL OPPORTUNITIES SURVEY OF FOREST SHORT ROTATION PLANTATIONS IN BULGARIA FOR ENERGY BIOMASS PRODUCTION* PART 3: ANALYSIS OF THE TECHNOLOGIES AND MACHINES FORWOOD BIOMASS PLANTATION HARVESTING
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Summary
The present survey analyzes the key technologies for harvesting SRC plantation for production of biomass and the typical harvesters, suitable for willow, poplar and black locust harvesting in Bulgaria. The advantages and disadvantages of the various technological schemes are highlighted and some recommendations to the Bulgarian producers on their application are made.
Keywords: SRP crops, biomass, harvesters, mechanized harvesting
- EXPLORING THE ENERGY PERFORMANCE OF WOOD CHIPS FROM SALIX VIMINALIS – KLON TORDIS
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Summary
The article presents the methodology and results of an experimental testing of the calorific value and ash content of wood chips, used as a fuel for heating and electricity plants. The wood chips was extracted from willows’ short rotation plantation of Salix Viminalis – klon Tordis. Studies were conducted in the “Department of Forest Harvesting, Logistic and Amelioration” of the Technical University in Zvolen, R of Slovakia. Wood chips produced from Salix Viminalis, klon Tordis indicates a high gross (20,597 MJ.kg-1) and net calorific value of dry mass (19,255 MJ.kg-1) under the specific production conditions. Naturally dried wood has a relative humidity Wr = 11,3 % and according to ISO 1928:2011 it has a clean net calorific value 16,907 MJ.kg-1. This gives grounds to assume that the wood produced from such an energy plantation will have high energy characteristics and will satisfy the market for energy chips.
Keywords: wood chips, willow, calorific value, ash contents